An ocean marine loss that occurs through the voluntary sacrifice of a part of the vessel or cargo to save the ship, crew, or other cargo is known as

The correct term for a loss that occurs through the voluntary sacrifice of a part of the vessel or cargo to save the ship, crew, or other cargo is "general average." This principle in marine insurance applies when there is a maritime emergency, and it involves the collective responsibility of all parties having an interest in the voyage (including the ship owner and cargo owners) to share the financial burden of the loss.

When a part of the cargo or the vessel is deliberately jettisoned or damaged to prevent greater loss, the costs associated with that sacrifice are apportioned among all stakeholders, reinforcing the idea of mutual risk and collective investment in the safety of the voyage.

The other options refer to different concepts in marine insurance. For example, "partial loss" refers to damage incurred to a specific part of the cargo or vessel without a broader implication of collective responsibility. "Particular average" pertains to a situation where the loss is not shared among all interests, meaning a specific owner bears the loss without contribution from others. "Constructive total loss" describes a situation where the cost to recover or repair the damaged vessel or cargo exceeds its value, but does not usually involve a voluntary sacrifice. Understanding these distinctions highlights why "general average" is the appropriate choice